Action lock for firearms



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Jan. 22 .1924.

e. H. GARRISON ACTION LOCK FOR FIREARMS QHHMHH. H

INVENTOR GEORGE) H. GARRISDN ATTORNEY Patented den? 22, wild,

ACTIQN 3305K 501% FIB/E13" Application filed June 1,

To all whom, it may con-06m:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H.GAnn1soN, a citizen of the United Stem, residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Action Locks for Firearms, of which the following 18 e specification.

This invention relates to repeating fir arms and particularly to improvements in action locks for such arms.

It is customary to provide means for loclc ing the reloading mechanism of a. repeating firearm at all times when the arm is in condition for firing, as it would otherwise often occur that unused ammunition would be wasted because uniired cartridges would occasionally be ejected from the arm. Fillthermore, such an arm Would be very dear gerous as it might be possible to discharge the arm While partly open or it might be opened so soon after the firing oi the charge as to be dangerous. For this reeson it is customary to provide repeating firearms with means for lochin the action ntil the arm is fired. This generally consists in a. devic rior locking the means which aetuetes the repeating mechanism of the ell-m. In slide sctionarms mechanism is generally provided for locking the action slide. An example or" this is found in the so-called #12 Remington rifle mode accord ing to Patents #908,883; 936,806; 953,797; 1,023,169 and others.

In this arm and many others the action is unlocked by the falling" of the hammer. It has been found that if the operating handle of this arm is strongly drown rearward at 1e time of firing tl resistance to unlocking 10 may become so greases to prevent the hemmer reaching the firing pin or at least re- ;ducing its impact so greatly as to cause misfires or hang-fires. Sometimes" also, the cartridge is exploded but, on account of a rear draft on the handle, the action is opened itoo early, allowing the shell to blow back out or the chamber. It is the object of this invention to overpome these objections and While the invention is disclosed as embodied in a particular type of firearm, it is to be understood that the underlying principle is applicable to many arms differing greatly in construction from that shown in the drawing.

In said drawing Fig. lis a. side View, partly in section, of a firearm embodying ever, having sprung ord. end is secured "desired iierial No. 835,?05.

the present invention, the parts being shown in pos tion for il'illlg and the action her being locked Fig. 2 is o.- sinrile cw, the he er how-- is U011 remaining lOt- In Fig. 3 the hammer has ts forward position d fired cnrtrnlge the action inched.

In Fig. 4 the tom 21 is shown unlocked and the pnrtsreedy Mr reloedir In. said drawings the owners 11 .1 the receiver, to the port-ion attached a suitable stool:

the

- in The receiver is hollow to provide 21 niec ienisni chamber; iii herein is located for lo gitudinul breech block lei fio l5 noiinsliy he n sgsinsi,

der 16in the recei lower o' the urecch hlocl; is forn ed With operating lug l'icoopereting "with an action slide ill, in any suitable Way, preferahl ner fully described. in. the pa to above. The ectihnslide has a bearing in an opening 19 in. 5hr

end of the receiver and it extends lore/sin under the barrel, and is provided, prefer; ably, with an operet'ingilnindle 520. in the .cs re onward particular arm shown the action slide "l'OIIIlQd hollow and performs also the rhino-- tion of n cartridge magazine. The bottom of the receiver is closed by e trigger pI-l 25 permanently attached to the stock, Wl" serves as tlSllpF-Olh for the tri er n2 ed on a pivot 2?, and also ing sleeve 28 upon which are nvote ly cu e ported the hammer and the latch ever 23% which in this ern'i andinny he con rusted as is frilly and descrii in said patents lever is provided with a reerwerdly 7 ing arm 31 against which hears a plunger seated on a coil spring 233 located cess in the trigger, whereby iri spring tensioned forwardly end the iocii' L latch is spring tensioned downwardly at its forward end. The hammer is spring im polled forwardly hy the main spring located in the stock and surround the main spring rod 36. This rod is connected to the hammer by means of the pivot pin 37 carried by the hammer and passing throngh the elongated s ot in the forward end oil. the main spr rod. This slot preferably the manill? extends in the general direction shown, 'so

to be subsrentially in the lineof movemenl: of the pin 37 when the hammer is forword. This construction allows for consideiehle play between the main spring rod or i the hammer which produces a desir result which will be referred to later. main spring rod is formed with a conface which is engagenble at certain times wiih the arm 31 of she locking; latch serving to depress said arm and to lift the locking latch for unlocking the action slide.

.The bor'iom part of the action bar 18 is "(dotted so as to receive rho latch lever '30 when the action bar is retracted. Mounted immediately in front of .the locking latch is a stop lug carried by the action her. This lug is,\ in the normal position of the ports, located opposite the stop face all on the latch lever 30. and therefore serves to prevent the refraction of the action bar and so locks the arm against reloading except under certain conditions. In the. arm to which the invention is here shown applied the latch lever also seryes'as a carrier and for this reason the lug 40 is utilized also as as means for actuating the lever to perform its carrier functions. O11 rho closing movement of the mechanism. it lifts thecsrrier by moving forward in the cznn'race 43. @n this account it is necessary that the lug l be mounted. for transverse movement. which may be accomplished by having it formed upon a spring arm 4% pinned to. the action bar at 45. lrnrnedioiely below the stop face 41, the latch lever. lici'eled oil as at 46 so that when the latch lever is raised for unlocking, as in Fig. this licvelf-fiicc will be located opposiie the stop lug 40, whereby retraction of the action hill. is per mitted. It is to be understood, however, chat the transversemovement of the lug U) is made necessary only to operate the lever 30 as a carrier.

With the parts shown in Fig. 1 the action is locked and it will impossible to open the action without firing the gun un less the lever 30 is first raised mlllllliilly.

This may be accomplished by lifting the lever with the finger, the lever bein s accessible on account of the depression 42 in the crigger plate.

Operation: It the trigger .is pulled with the parts in the position shown in Fig. i, the springwill. force the hummer lor- Wordly into the position soown in Fig.2, at which time the coniuct face 39 engages the dim 3i and tends to unlock the arctic... If this operating handle is not strongly reiracled, and therefore no great rcsismnce to unlocking is present, the lever 5&0 will imiediatcly be raised co the position shown in ig. 4, during which. time the hammer is moving further forward to fire the cartridge. ii, however, the handle is strongly retracted,

the action is not unlocked the lever 80 re maining' in the position shown in 2 While the slot permits the hammer to moveforwnrdly on account of its momentum to the position shown in Fig. 3, causing the explosion of the cartridge. During this movement the rod 36 does not move appreciably and the'pinfi'l moves toward the forward part of the-slot 38; The contecfr em 39 on the rod 36 bears on the arm 31 and tends to depress the v:irm on accountof the pressure of 'the spring 35' and the angular disposition 'oif' rhe slot, whereby the latch leycn'. is springi elled toward inoperarive position; if v h pressure on the action bar is-reliiwedjthe main spring rod will move slightly forward under the pressure of spring 35 and will cause the contact face 39 to depress, the arm 31 and raise the lever 30 for unlocking the acrion, the ports hav-' ing now assumed the position shown in During ch13 movement the slot moves relative to the pin 37 whereby the pin is nfgsin positioned in the ear of The slot.

By this arrangement it is impossible to stop or retard the hammer by a, strong rearward pull on the action slide. Also, it is impossible to open the action oi: the inst-amt of firing, it being necessary first to relieve the rearward pull on the handle to allow the lever :33 is spring up to unlock the action, which presides n time interval during which the explosion telres place.

Wheel claim as, my invention and desire to seem-ch37 Letters Parce of the Unified States isz- 5 l. in a firearm of she type'lievi-ng a firing chamber, breech mechanism closing the liring chamber, and operating mechanism for said breech mechanism, the combination of :1 latch normallyblocking said opcrniin mechanism, 2). hammer, means connected \vit.1 said lizin'nncr "for moving the latter and witlr (llUYlllg said latch from operative position, so id mczms being so connected with the hammer so to permit of a further movement o'i T iiid linnniicr lY1ll{?1T'fl1(lO11l'/ly of said means.

2. in a. firearm of the type having a firing chamber, Torecclr mechanism closing the firing cliniulioi-, aiirli, operating}; mocha for said breech mechanism, the combination of a latch normall blocking said operating; mechanism. impact means, a main spring and menus: intermediate said spring and inr- 'im-t means for withdrawing said. latch from operative posiiion, said means being so con iiecicd with the impact means as to permit of :1 further movement of said iln mco moons independently of the iniernieiiiiate means.

3. in a l'ircurn'i oi" the type having a firingchzimbcr, breech mechanism closing 'ihe firing chambcii, and operating mechanism. for said breech mechzimism, thccomlnns aion of :i hitch normally ci'ignging and. blocksaid operating- :cnechzmisni, e hammer,

hammer spring, means connecting said spring and hammer for moving the latter and withdrawing said latch from operative position, said means being so connected with the hammer so as to permit of a further movement of said hammer independently of said means. t

4. In a firearm of the type having a firing chamber, breech mechanism closing the firing chamber, and operating mechanism for said breech mechanism, the combination of a latch normally blocking said operating mechanism, a hammer, a haer s ring, a main spring rod bearing against sai spring and formed with an a "5-14 slot, a pin mounted in said hammer :and passin through said slot, and means on said r engageable with said latch when the hammer is forward.

5. In a firearm of the type havi a firing chamber a breech block reciprocab y mount- -ed for ciosing said chamber, and a reciprocable action rod for operating said breech block, the combination of a latch normally blocking said action rod, a hammer a hammer spring, means connecting said spring and hammer for moving the latter and withdrawing the saidlatch from operative position, said means being so connected with the hammer so as to permit a further movement of said hammer independently of said means. 6- In a firearm of the-type having a firing chamber, breech mechanism closing the firin chamber, and operating mechanism for sai breech mechanlsm the combination of a carrier normally hlockin said operating mechanism, a hammer, a ammerspring, a rod connecting said spring and hammer for withdrawing said carrier from blocking position, said rod being so connected with the hammer as to permit of a further movement of said hammer independently of said rod. 7 In a firearm of the type having a firing chamber, breech mechanism closing the firing chamber, and operating mechanism for said breech mechanism the combination of a 5 blocking said action rod, a hammer, a hammer spring, a rod connecting said spring and hammer for withdrawing said carrier from blocking position, said rod being so connected with the hammer as to permit of a further movement of said hammer independently of said rod.

9. In a firearm of the type having a firing chamber, a breech mechanism, an action bar for operating said breech mechanism, the combination of a latch normally blocking said action bar a hammer, a hammer spring, means connecting said spring and hammer for withdrawing said latch from blocking position, said means being connected wit the hammer by a lost motion connection so as to permit a further movement of said hammer independentl of said means.

10. In a firearm of t e type having a firing chamber, breech mechanism closing the firing chamber, and 0 rating mechanism for said breech mechanism, the combination of a latch normall blocking said operating mechanism, impact means, and-connections between said latch and impact means for moving said latch to inoperative position said connections comprising means on sai latch engageable by means having a pin and slot connection with said impact means.

GEORGE H. GARRISON. 

